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Power &Distribution Transformer

HISTORY

The property of induction was discovered in the year 1830’s but it wasn’t until 1886, that William Stanley working for Westinghouse, built the first refined, commercially used transformer.

Transformer is an essential equipment to get electrical energy at desired voltage. Transformer is the heart of the power system network. Transformer plays a critical role in efficient and effective transmission, distribution and utilization of electrical power. It works on the principle of electro magnetic induction. From generating station to the consumer, the electric power is transformed (5-8) times. The function of transformer is to transform A.C. from one voltage to another voltage, without a change in frequency. The capacity of the transformer is the KVA available from a fully loaded transformer.

Transformers are broadly classified for convenience as DISTRIBUTION, POWER, EHV/UHV, Industrial application or special transformers. Distribution and power transformers are major population of total units in operation in any country.

Distribution transformers are generally used to distribute power to the required utilization voltage and are located near to the load. These transformers are energized all the time, and the all-day efficiency will be high. The no load loss will be minimum and the maximum efficiency occurs at much lower load than the full load. The ratings up to 3500 KVA and voltages up to 33KV class are generally classified as distribution transformers.

Power transformers are used on primary transmission lines for transmission and distribution of relatively large amount of power. These transformers are generally designed for maximum efficiency at near or full load. The ratings above 3500 KVA up to 30000 KVA in voltages up to 132kV class are generally classified as power transformers. Power transformers in voltage class of 220kV and above fall in the extra high voltage (EHV) and ultra high voltage (UHV) range.

Transformers are not “off the shelf” products that could be mass produced. The specification of transformer must define the parameters, such as incoming voltage profile, load limit, over loads, type of load, severity caused by external fault due to lightning and flashover, apart from voltage ratio, impedance, temperature rise, losses etc.

In the commercial distribution segment standard step-down distribution transformer is widely considered as commodity. The only weight-age is upfront low purchase price, which means building a less efficient transformer having high losses, with low material quality / quantity but with substantial higher operating cost coupled with reduced life.

The energy efficient transformer comes with higher initial purchase cost with low losses. The extra cost is paid back over a span of years by way of lower energy charges coupled with improved life.

GCW manufactures distribution transformers from 63 KVA up to 3500KVA in voltages up to 33KV class with off circuit / on load tap changer and Power Transformers above 3.5MVA up to 12.5MVA in 33KV voltage class with off circuit / on load tap changer.

GCW plans to extend its manufactring capacity upto 132 KV class Transformers in the next phase of expansion.